✔️Water-free ✔️Alcohol-free ✔️Oil-free ✔️Silicone-free ✔️Nut-free ✔️Vegan ✔️Gluten-free ✔️Cruelty-free This formula combines two of the most powerful brightening agents in skincare: pure Vitamin C and Alpha Arbutin, both solubilized in a completely water-free formula for ideal stability. Vitamin C is an effective antioxidant that brightens the skin tone and reduces signs of aging. Alpha Arbutin is a highly-purified biosynthetic active ingredient that reduces the look of dark spots and uneven skin tone. Notes: Vitamin C and Alpha Arbutin are less stable in formulations that contain water and use of them combined in formulations containing water is highly discouraged. This formulation is a water-free, stable solution, and may feel slightly "oily" for a few seconds after application, despite the fact that it is completely free of oil. The Ordinary's portfolio of Vitamin C includes the following formulations: Vitamin C Suspension 30% in Silicone Vitamin C Suspension 23% + HA Spheres 2% Ascorbyl Glucoside Solution 12% Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate Solution 20% in Vitamin F Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate 10% Ascorbic Acid 8% + Alpha Arbutin 2% Ethylated Ascorbic Acid 15% Solution 100% L-Ascorbic Acid Powder Topical Vitamin C offers a wide array of benefits to the skin. However, many forms of Vitamin C and many more formulations of Vitamin C are available commercially with a potential to confuse the audience. We have developed a guide that offers guidance on the formulations of Vitamin C offered under The Ordinary range. It also offers education on Vitamin C itself and on the differences between formulations of Vitamin C at large. Directions 1. Apply a few drops to face in the AM and PM as part of your skincare regimen. 2. Use sun protection in the AM. Ingredients Propanediol, Ascorbic Acid, Alpha-Arbutin Our formulations are updated from time to time as part of our commitment to innovation. As such, the ingredient list shown here may vary from the box of the product depending on time and region of purchase.